fune/testing/mochitest/tests/SimpleTest/AccessibilityUtils.js
James Teh a8d36840cb Bug 1862534: Groundwork for ATK accessibility API tests. r=eeejay,jmaher
This adds setup code and utility functions for ATK to the Python environment.
I also needed to prevent front-end accessibility checks (AccessibilityUtils) from force disabling accessibility for a11y engine tests.
Although the tests re-enabled it anyway, this seems to break AT-SPI's interaction with our ApplicationAccessible.
Disabling it really doesn't make sense in this case anyway.
This patch includes a simple role test to show all of this working.

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.services.mozilla.com/D192911
2023-11-21 02:11:49 +00:00

777 lines
24 KiB
JavaScript

/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
* License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file,
* You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
"use strict";
/**
* Accessible states used to check node's state from the accessiblity API
* perspective.
*
* Note: if gecko is built with --disable-accessibility, the interfaces
* are not defined. This is why we use getters instead to be able to use
* these statically.
*/
this.AccessibilityUtils = (function () {
const FORCE_DISABLE_ACCESSIBILITY_PREF = "accessibility.force_disabled";
// Accessible states.
const { STATE_FOCUSABLE, STATE_INVISIBLE, STATE_LINKED, STATE_UNAVAILABLE } =
Ci.nsIAccessibleStates;
// Accessible action for showing long description.
const CLICK_ACTION = "click";
// Roles that are considered focusable with the keyboard.
const KEYBOARD_FOCUSABLE_ROLES = new Set([
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_BUTTONMENU,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_CHECKBUTTON,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_COMBOBOX,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_EDITCOMBOBOX,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_ENTRY,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_LINK,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_LISTBOX,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_PASSWORD_TEXT,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_PUSHBUTTON,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_RADIOBUTTON,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_SLIDER,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_SPINBUTTON,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_SUMMARY,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_SWITCH,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_TOGGLE_BUTTON,
]);
// Roles that are user interactive.
const INTERACTIVE_ROLES = new Set([
...KEYBOARD_FOCUSABLE_ROLES,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_CHECK_MENU_ITEM,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_CHECK_RICH_OPTION,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_COMBOBOX_OPTION,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_MENUITEM,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_OPTION,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_OUTLINE,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_OUTLINEITEM,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_PAGETAB,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_PARENT_MENUITEM,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_RADIO_MENU_ITEM,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_RICH_OPTION,
]);
// Roles that are considered interactive when they are focusable.
const INTERACTIVE_IF_FOCUSABLE_ROLES = new Set([
// If article is focusable, we can assume it is inside a feed.
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_ARTICLE,
// Column header can be focusable.
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_COLUMNHEADER,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_GRID_CELL,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_MENUBAR,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_MENUPOPUP,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_PAGETABLIST,
// Row header can be focusable.
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_ROWHEADER,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_SCROLLBAR,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_SEPARATOR,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_TOOLBAR,
]);
// Roles that are considered form controls.
const FORM_ROLES = new Set([
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_CHECKBUTTON,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_CHECK_RICH_OPTION,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_COMBOBOX,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_EDITCOMBOBOX,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_ENTRY,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_LISTBOX,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_PASSWORD_TEXT,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_PROGRESSBAR,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_RADIOBUTTON,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_SLIDER,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_SPINBUTTON,
Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_SWITCH,
]);
const DEFAULT_ENV = Object.freeze({
// Checks that accessible object has at least one accessible action.
actionCountRule: true,
// Checks that accessible object (and its corresponding node) is focusable
// (has focusable state and its node's tabindex is not set to -1).
focusableRule: true,
// Checks that clickable accessible object (and its corresponding node) has
// appropriate interactive semantics.
ifClickableThenInteractiveRule: true,
// Checks that accessible object has a role that is considered to be
// interactive.
interactiveRule: true,
// Checks that accessible object has a non-empty label.
labelRule: true,
// Checks that a node is enabled and is expected to be enabled via
// the accessibility API.
mustBeEnabled: true,
// Checks that a node has a corresponging accessible object.
mustHaveAccessibleRule: true,
// Checks that accessible object (and its corresponding node) have a non-
// negative tabindex. Platform accessibility API still sets focusable state
// on tabindex=-1 nodes.
nonNegativeTabIndexRule: true,
});
let gA11YChecks = false;
let gEnv = {
...DEFAULT_ENV,
};
/**
* Get role attribute for an accessible object if specified for its
* corresponding {@code DOMNode}.
*
* @param {nsIAccessible} accessible
* Accessible for which to determine its role attribute value.
*
* @returns {String}
* Role attribute value if specified.
*/
function getAriaRoles(accessible) {
try {
return accessible.attributes.getStringProperty("xml-roles");
} catch (e) {
// No xml-roles. nsPersistentProperties throws if the attribute for a key
// is not found.
}
return "";
}
/**
* Get related accessible objects that are targets of labelled by relation e.g.
* labels.
* @param {nsIAccessible} accessible
* Accessible objects to get labels for.
*
* @returns {Array}
* A list of accessible objects that are labels for a given accessible.
*/
function getLabels(accessible) {
const relation = accessible.getRelationByType(
Ci.nsIAccessibleRelation.RELATION_LABELLED_BY
);
return [...relation.getTargets().enumerate(Ci.nsIAccessible)];
}
/**
* Test if an accessible has a {@code hidden} attribute.
*
* @param {nsIAccessible} accessible
* Accessible object.
*
* @return {boolean}
* True if the accessible object has a {@code hidden} attribute, false
* otherwise.
*/
function hasHiddenAttribute(accessible) {
let hidden = false;
try {
hidden = accessible.attributes.getStringProperty("hidden");
} catch (e) {}
// If the property is missing, error will be thrown
return hidden && hidden === "true";
}
/**
* Test if an accessible is hidden from the user.
*
* @param {nsIAccessible} accessible
* Accessible object.
*
* @return {boolean}
* True if accessible is hidden from user, false otherwise.
*/
function isHidden(accessible) {
if (!accessible) {
return true;
}
while (accessible) {
if (hasHiddenAttribute(accessible)) {
return true;
}
accessible = accessible.parent;
}
return false;
}
/**
* Check if an accessible has a given state.
*
* @param {nsIAccessible} accessible
* Accessible object to test.
* @param {number} stateToMatch
* State to match.
*
* @return {boolean}
* True if |accessible| has |stateToMatch|, false otherwise.
*/
function matchState(accessible, stateToMatch) {
const state = {};
accessible.getState(state, {});
return !!(state.value & stateToMatch);
}
/**
* Determine if an accessible is a keyboard focusable browser toolbar button.
* Browser toolbar buttons aren't keyboard focusable in the normal way.
* Instead, focus is managed by JS code which sets tabindex on a single
* button at a time. Thus, we need to special case the focusable check for
* these buttons.
*/
function isKeyboardFocusableBrowserToolbarButton(accessible) {
const node = accessible.DOMNode;
if (!node || !node.ownerGlobal) {
return false;
}
const toolbar = node.closest("toolbar");
if (!toolbar || toolbar.getAttribute("keyNav") != "true") {
return false;
}
return node.ownerGlobal.ToolbarKeyboardNavigator._isButton(node);
}
/**
* Determine if an accessible is a keyboard focusable PanelMultiView control.
* These controls aren't keyboard focusable in the normal way. Instead, focus
* is managed by JS code which sets tabindex dynamically. Thus, we need to
* special case the focusable check for these controls.
*/
function isKeyboardFocusablePanelMultiViewControl(accessible) {
const node = accessible.DOMNode;
if (!node || !node.ownerGlobal) {
return false;
}
const panelview = node.closest("panelview");
if (!panelview || panelview.hasAttribute("disablekeynav")) {
return false;
}
return (
node.ownerGlobal.PanelView.forNode(panelview)._tabNavigableWalker.filter(
node
) == NodeFilter.FILTER_ACCEPT
);
}
/**
* Determine if an accessible is a keyboard focusable XUL tab.
* Only one tab is focusable at a time, but after focusing it, you can use
* the keyboard to focus other tabs.
*/
function isKeyboardFocusableXULTab(accessible) {
const node = accessible.DOMNode;
return node && XULElement.isInstance(node) && node.tagName == "tab";
}
/**
* Determine if a node is a XUL element for which tabIndex should be ignored.
* Some XUL elements report -1 for the .tabIndex property, even though they
* are in fact keyboard focusable.
*/
function shouldIgnoreTabIndex(node) {
if (!XULElement.isInstance(node)) {
return false;
}
return node.tagName == "label" && node.getAttribute("is") == "text-link";
}
/**
* Determine if accessible is focusable with the keyboard.
*
* @param {nsIAccessible} accessible
* Accessible for which to determine if it is keyboard focusable.
*
* @returns {Boolean}
* True if focusable with the keyboard.
*/
function isKeyboardFocusable(accessible) {
if (
isKeyboardFocusableBrowserToolbarButton(accessible) ||
isKeyboardFocusablePanelMultiViewControl(accessible) ||
isKeyboardFocusableXULTab(accessible)
) {
return true;
}
// State will be focusable even if the tabindex is negative.
const node = accessible.DOMNode;
const role = accessible.role;
return (
matchState(accessible, STATE_FOCUSABLE) &&
// Platform accessibility will still report STATE_FOCUSABLE even with the
// tabindex="-1" so we need to check that it is >= 0 to be considered
// keyboard focusable.
(!gEnv.nonNegativeTabIndexRule ||
node.tabIndex > -1 ||
node.closest('[aria-activedescendant][tabindex="0"]') ||
// If an ARIA toolbar uses a roving tabindex, some controls on the
// toolbar might not currently be focusable even though they can be
// reached with arrow keys and become focusable at that point.
((role == Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_PUSHBUTTON ||
role == Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_TOGGLE_BUTTON) &&
node.closest('[role="toolbar"]')) ||
shouldIgnoreTabIndex(node))
);
}
function buildMessage(message, DOMNode) {
if (DOMNode) {
const { id, tagName, className } = DOMNode;
message += `: id: ${id}, tagName: ${tagName}, className: ${className}`;
}
return message;
}
/**
* Fail a test with a given message because of an issue with a given
* accessible object. This is used for cases where there's an actual
* accessibility failure that prevents UI from being accessible to keyboard/AT
* users.
*
* @param {String} message
* @param {nsIAccessible} accessible
* Accessible to log along with the failure message.
*/
function a11yFail(message, { DOMNode }) {
SpecialPowers.SimpleTest.ok(false, buildMessage(message, DOMNode));
}
/**
* Log a todo statement with a given message because of an issue with a given
* accessible object. This is used for cases where accessibility best
* practices are not followed or for something that is not as severe to be
* considered a failure.
* @param {String} message
* @param {nsIAccessible} accessible
* Accessible to log along with the todo message.
*/
function a11yWarn(message, { DOMNode }) {
SpecialPowers.SimpleTest.todo(false, buildMessage(message, DOMNode));
}
/**
* Test if the node's unavailable via the accessibility API.
*
* @param {nsIAccessible} accessible
* Accessible object.
*/
function assertEnabled(accessible) {
if (gEnv.mustBeEnabled && matchState(accessible, STATE_UNAVAILABLE)) {
a11yFail(
"Node expected to be enabled but is disabled via the accessibility API",
accessible
);
}
}
/**
* Test if it is possible to focus on a node with the keyboard. This method
* also checks for additional keyboard focus issues that might arise.
*
* @param {nsIAccessible} accessible
* Accessible object for a node.
*/
function assertFocusable(accessible) {
if (
gEnv.mustBeEnabled &&
gEnv.focusableRule &&
!isKeyboardFocusable(accessible)
) {
const ariaRoles = getAriaRoles(accessible);
// Do not force ARIA combobox or listbox to be focusable.
if (!ariaRoles.includes("combobox") && !ariaRoles.includes("listbox")) {
a11yFail("Node is not focusable via the accessibility API", accessible);
}
return;
}
if (!INTERACTIVE_IF_FOCUSABLE_ROLES.has(accessible.role)) {
// ROLE_TABLE is used for grids too which are considered interactive.
if (
accessible.role === Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_TABLE &&
!getAriaRoles(accessible).includes("grid")
) {
a11yWarn(
"Focusable nodes should have interactive semantics",
accessible
);
return;
}
}
if (accessible.DOMNode.tabIndex > 0) {
a11yWarn("Avoid using tabindex attribute greater than zero", accessible);
}
}
/**
* Test if it is possible to interact with a node via the accessibility API.
*
* @param {nsIAccessible} accessible
* Accessible object for a node.
*/
function assertInteractive(accessible) {
if (
gEnv.mustBeEnabled &&
gEnv.actionCountRule &&
accessible.actionCount === 0
) {
a11yFail("Node does not support any accessible actions", accessible);
return;
}
if (
gEnv.mustBeEnabled &&
gEnv.interactiveRule &&
!INTERACTIVE_ROLES.has(accessible.role)
) {
if (
// Labels that have a label for relation with their target are clickable.
(accessible.role !== Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_LABEL ||
accessible.getRelationByType(
Ci.nsIAccessibleRelation.RELATION_LABEL_FOR
).targetsCount === 0) &&
// Images that are inside an anchor (have linked state).
(accessible.role !== Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_GRAPHIC ||
!matchState(accessible, STATE_LINKED))
) {
// Look for click action in the list of actions.
for (let i = 0; i < accessible.actionCount; i++) {
if (
gEnv.ifClickableThenInteractiveRule &&
accessible.getActionName(i) === CLICK_ACTION
) {
a11yFail(
"Clickable nodes must have interactive semantics",
accessible
);
}
}
}
a11yFail(
"Node does not have a correct interactive role and may not be " +
"manipulated via the accessibility API",
accessible
);
}
}
/**
* Test if the node is labelled appropriately for accessibility API.
*
* @param {nsIAccessible} accessible
* Accessible object for a node.
*/
function assertLabelled(accessible, allowRecurse = true) {
const { DOMNode } = accessible;
let name = accessible.name;
if (!name) {
// If text has just been inserted into the tree, the a11y engine might not
// have picked it up yet.
forceRefreshDriverTick(DOMNode);
try {
name = accessible.name;
} catch (e) {
// The Accessible died because the DOM node was removed or hidden.
if (gEnv.labelRule) {
a11yWarn("Unlabeled element removed before l10n finished", {
DOMNode,
});
}
return;
}
const doc = DOMNode.ownerDocument;
if (
!name &&
allowRecurse &&
gEnv.labelRule &&
doc.hasPendingL10nMutations
) {
// There are pending async l10n mutations which might result in a valid
// accessible name. Try this check again once l10n is finished.
doc.addEventListener(
"L10nMutationsFinished",
() => {
try {
accessible.name;
} catch (e) {
// The Accessible died because the DOM node was removed or hidden.
a11yWarn("Unlabeled element removed before l10n finished", {
DOMNode,
});
return;
}
assertLabelled(accessible, false);
},
{ once: true }
);
return;
}
}
if (name) {
name = name.trim();
}
if (gEnv.labelRule && !name) {
a11yFail("Interactive elements must be labeled", accessible);
return;
}
if (FORM_ROLES.has(accessible.role)) {
const labels = getLabels(accessible);
const hasNameFromVisibleLabel = labels.some(
label => !matchState(label, STATE_INVISIBLE)
);
if (!hasNameFromVisibleLabel) {
a11yWarn("Form elements should have a visible text label", accessible);
}
} else if (
accessible.role === Ci.nsIAccessibleRole.ROLE_LINK &&
DOMNode.nodeName === "AREA" &&
DOMNode.hasAttribute("href")
) {
const alt = DOMNode.getAttribute("alt");
if (alt && alt.trim() !== name) {
a11yFail(
"Use alt attribute to label area elements that have the href attribute",
accessible
);
}
}
}
/**
* Test if the node's visible via accessibility API.
*
* @param {nsIAccessible} accessible
* Accessible object for a node.
*/
function assertVisible(accessible) {
if (isHidden(accessible)) {
a11yFail(
"Node is not currently visible via the accessibility API and may not " +
"be manipulated by it",
accessible
);
}
}
/**
* Walk node ancestry and force refresh driver tick in every document.
* @param {DOMNode} node
* Node for traversing the ancestry.
*/
function forceRefreshDriverTick(node) {
const wins = [];
let bc = BrowsingContext.getFromWindow(node.ownerDocument.defaultView); // eslint-disable-line
while (bc) {
wins.push(bc.associatedWindow);
bc = bc.embedderWindowGlobal?.browsingContext;
}
let win = wins.pop();
while (win) {
// Stop the refresh driver from doing its regular ticks and force two
// refresh driver ticks: first to let layout update and notify a11y, and
// the second to let a11y process updates.
win.windowUtils.advanceTimeAndRefresh(100);
win.windowUtils.advanceTimeAndRefresh(100);
// Go back to normal refresh driver ticks.
win.windowUtils.restoreNormalRefresh();
win = wins.pop();
}
}
/**
* Get an accessible object for a node.
* Note: this method will not resolve if accessible object does not become
* available for a given node.
*
* @param {DOMNode} node
* Node to get the accessible object for.
*
* @return {nsIAccessible}
* Accessibility object for a given node.
*/
function getAccessible(node) {
const accessibilityService = Cc[
"@mozilla.org/accessibilityService;1"
].getService(Ci.nsIAccessibilityService);
if (!accessibilityService) {
// This is likely a build with --disable-accessibility
return null;
}
let acc = accessibilityService.getAccessibleFor(node);
if (acc) {
return acc;
}
// Force refresh tick throughout document hierarchy
forceRefreshDriverTick(node);
return accessibilityService.getAccessibleFor(node);
}
/**
* Find the nearest interactive accessible ancestor for a node.
*/
function findInteractiveAccessible(node) {
let acc;
// Walk DOM ancestors until we find one with an accessible.
for (; node && !acc; node = node.parentNode) {
acc = getAccessible(node);
}
if (!acc) {
// No accessible ancestor.
return acc;
}
// Walk a11y ancestors until we find one which is interactive.
for (; acc; acc = acc.parent) {
if (INTERACTIVE_ROLES.has(acc.role)) {
return acc;
}
}
// No interactive ancestor.
return null;
}
function runIfA11YChecks(task) {
return (...args) => (gA11YChecks ? task(...args) : null);
}
/**
* AccessibilityUtils provides utility methods for retrieving accessible objects
* and performing accessibility related checks.
* Current methods:
* assertCanBeClicked
* setEnv
* resetEnv
*
*/
const AccessibilityUtils = {
assertCanBeClicked(node) {
// Click events might fire on an inaccessible or non-interactive
// descendant, even if the test author targeted them at an interactive
// element. For example, if there's a button with an image inside it,
// node might be the image.
const acc = findInteractiveAccessible(node);
if (!acc) {
if (gEnv.mustHaveAccessibleRule) {
a11yFail("Node is not accessible via accessibility API", {
DOMNode: node,
});
}
return;
}
assertInteractive(acc);
assertFocusable(acc);
assertVisible(acc);
assertEnabled(acc);
assertLabelled(acc);
},
setEnv(env = DEFAULT_ENV) {
gEnv = {
...DEFAULT_ENV,
...env,
};
},
resetEnv() {
gEnv = { ...DEFAULT_ENV };
},
reset(a11yChecks = false, testPath = "") {
gA11YChecks = a11yChecks;
const { Services } = SpecialPowers;
// Disable accessibility service if it is running and if a11y checks are
// disabled. However, don't do this for accessibility engine tests.
if (
!gA11YChecks &&
Services.appinfo.accessibilityEnabled &&
!testPath.startsWith("chrome://mochitests/content/browser/accessible/")
) {
Services.prefs.setIntPref(FORCE_DISABLE_ACCESSIBILITY_PREF, 1);
Services.prefs.clearUserPref(FORCE_DISABLE_ACCESSIBILITY_PREF);
}
// Reset accessibility environment flags that might've been set within the
// test.
this.resetEnv();
},
init() {
this._shouldHandleClicks = true;
// A top level xul window's DocShell doesn't have a chromeEventHandler
// attribute. In that case, the chrome event handler is just the global
// window object.
this._handler ??=
window.docShell.chromeEventHandler ?? window.docShell.domWindow;
this._handler.addEventListener("click", this, true, true);
},
uninit() {
this._handler?.removeEventListener("click", this, true);
this._handler = null;
},
/**
* Suppress (or disable suppression of) handling of captured click events.
* This should only be called by EventUtils, etc. when a click event will
* be generated but we know it is not actually a click intended to activate
* a control; e.g. drag/drop. Tests that wish to disable specific checks
* should use setEnv instead.
*/
suppressClickHandling(shouldSuppress) {
this._shouldHandleClicks = !shouldSuppress;
},
handleEvent({ composedTarget }) {
if (!this._shouldHandleClicks) {
return;
}
const bounds =
composedTarget.ownerGlobal?.windowUtils?.getBoundsWithoutFlushing(
composedTarget
);
if (bounds && (bounds.width == 0 || bounds.height == 0)) {
// Some tests click hidden nodes. These clearly aren't testing the UI
// for the node itself (and presumably there is a test somewhere else
// that does). Therefore, we can't (and shouldn't) do a11y checks.
return;
}
this.assertCanBeClicked(composedTarget);
},
};
AccessibilityUtils.assertCanBeClicked = runIfA11YChecks(
AccessibilityUtils.assertCanBeClicked.bind(AccessibilityUtils)
);
AccessibilityUtils.setEnv = runIfA11YChecks(
AccessibilityUtils.setEnv.bind(AccessibilityUtils)
);
AccessibilityUtils.resetEnv = runIfA11YChecks(
AccessibilityUtils.resetEnv.bind(AccessibilityUtils)
);
return AccessibilityUtils;
})();